The number of studies and publications do not always correspond (e.g., a publication may include several studies or one study may be explained in several publications).
Effectiveness Review
Amitai Y, Fisher N, Haringman M, Meiraz H, et al. Increased awareness, knowledge and utilization of preconceptional folic acid in Israel following a national campaign. Preventive Medicine 2004;39;731-7.
Amitai Y, Fisher N, Meiraz H, et al. Preconceptional folic acid utilization in Israel: Five years after the guidelines. Preventive Medicine 2008;46;166-9.
Bower C, Blum L, O’Daly K, Higgins C, Loutsky F, Kosky C. Promotion of folate for the prevention of neural tube defects: knowledge and use of periconceptional folic acid supplements in Western Australia, 1992 to 1995. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 1997;21(7):716-21.
Bower C, Eades S, Payne J, D’Antoine H, Stanley F. Trends in neural tube defects in Western Australia in Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2004;18:277-80.
Bower C, Ryan A, Rudy E, Miller M. Trends in neural tube defects in Western Australia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2002;26(2):150-1.
Busby A, et al. Preventing neural tube defects in Europe: a missed opportunity. Reproductive Technology 2005;20;393-402.
Busby A, et al. Preventing neural tube defects in Europe: population based study. BMJ 2005;330;574-5.
Chan A, Pickering J, Haan E, Netting M, Burford A, Johnson A, Keane RJ. "Folate before pregnancy": the impact on women and health professionals of a population-based health promotion campaign in South Australia. Med J Aust 2001;174(12):631-6.
Daltveit AK, Vollset SE, Lande B, Oien H. Changes in knowledge and attitudes of folate, and use of dietary supplements among women of reproductive age in Norway 1998-2000. Scand J Public Health 2004;32;264-71.
de Walle HEK, de Jong-van den Berg LTW. Insufficient folic acid intake in the Netherlands: what about the future? Teratology 2002;66:40-3.
de Walle HEK, Cornel MC, de Jong-van den Berg LTW. Three Years after the Dutch Folic Acid Campaign: Growing Socioeconomic Differences. Preventive Medicine 2002;35:65-9.
de Walle HEK, de Jong-van den Berg LTW, Cornel MC. Periconceptional folic acid intake in the northern Netherlands. Lancet 1999;353:1187.
de Weerd S, Thomas C, Cikot RJL, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, de Boo TM, Steegers EAP. Preconception Counseling Improves Folate Status of Women Planning Pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002;99(1):45-50.
Egen V, Hasford J. Prevention of neural tube defects: effect of an intervention aimed at implementing the official recommendations. Soz Praventivmed 2003;48(1):24-32.
Flores AL, Prue C, Daniel KL. Broadcast behavior change: a comparison of the effectiveness of paid and unpaid media to increase folic acid awareness, knowledge, and consumption among Hispanic women of childbearing age. Health Promotion Practice 2007;8(2):145-53.
Kadir RA, Sabin C, Whitlow B, Brockbank E, Economides D. Neural tube defects and periconceptional folic acid in England and Wales: retrospective study. BMJ 1999;319:92-3.
Knudsen Vk, Orozova-Bekkevold I, Rasmussen LB, Mikkelsen TB, Michaelsen KF, Olsen SF. Low compliance with recommendations on folic acid use in relation to pregnancy: is there a need for fortification? Public Health Nutrition 2004;7(7):843-50.
Lawrence JM, Watkins ML, Ershoff D, Petitti DB, Chiu V, Postlethwaite D, Erickson JD. Design and evaluation of interventions promoting periconceptional multivitamin use. Am J Prev Med 2003;25(1):17-24.
Martinez de Villareal L, et al. Decline of neural tube defects cases after a folic acid campaign in Nuevo León, México. Teratology 2002;66(5):249-56.
Mathews F, et al. Folates in the periconceptional period: are women getting enough? British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1998;105:954-9.
McDonnell R, Johnson Z, Doyle A, Sayers G. Folic acid knowledge and use among expectant mothers in 1997: a comparison with 1996. Irish Medical Journal 1999;92(3):296-9.
Nilsen RM, Vollset SE, Gjessing, Magnus P, Meltzer HM, Haugen M, Ueland PM. Patterns and predictors of folic acid supplement use among pregnant women: the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;84:1134-41.
O’Rourke KM, Roddy ME. A multivitamin supplementation and education intervention as an effective means of increasing multivitamin use among postpartum women of Mexican origin. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2007;21:248-55.
Robbins JM, Cleves MA, Collins B, Andrews N, Smith LN, Hobbs CA. Randomized trial of a physician-based intervention to increase the use of folic acid supplements among women. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2005;192:1126-32.
Stevenson RE, Allen WP, Pai GS, Best R, Seaver LH, Dean J, Thompson S. Decline in prevalence of neural tube defects in a high-risk region of the United States. Pediatrics 2000; 106(4);677-83.
Stoll C, Alembik Y, Dott B. Are the recommendations on the prevention of neural tube defects working? European Journal of Medical Genetics 2006;49:461-5.
Van der Pal-de Bruin KM, van der Heijden PGM, Buitendijk SE, den Ouden AL. Periconceptional folic acid use and the prevalence of neural tube defects in The Netherlands. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2003;108:33-3.
Ward M, Hutton J, McDonnell R, Bachir N, Scallan E, Oleary M, Hoey J, Doyle A, Delany V, Sayers G. Folic acid supplements to prevent neural tube defects: trends in East of Ireland 1996-2002. Irish Medical Journal 2004;97(9):274-6.
Zlotogora J, Amitai Y, Leventhal A. Surveillance of neural tube defects in Israel: the effect of the recommendation for periconceptional folic acid. Isr Med Assoc J 2006;8:601-4.
The CPSTF finding is based on evidence from a systematic review (search period through March 2008). The following databases were searched for English-language papers that evaluated tobacco control interventions:
- EMBASE
- Medline
- Social Science Citation Index
Search strategies were adjusted to each database, based on controlled and uncontrolled vocabularies and search software. Reference lists also were reviewed to look for additional studies.
Search Terms
vitamin B12, vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid, neural tube defects, abnormalities, neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer disease, food, fortified, dietary supplements, twins/pregnancy, multiple, knowledge, attitudes, practice, health education/health promotion, preconception care, folic acid deficiency