The number of studies and publications do not always correspond (e.g., a publication may include several studies or one study may be explained in several publications).
Effectiveness Review
Ahrens K, Kent CK, Kohn RP, Nieri G, Reynolds A, et al. HIV partner notification outcomes for HIV-infected patients by duration of infection, San Francisco, 2004 to 2006. Journal of Acquire Immune Deficiency Syndrome 2007;46(4):479-84.
Bergman J, Gratrix J, Pillay T, Houston S, Cooper R, et al. Intensive HIV partner notification is effective in identifying new and previously diagnosed HIV infections in Edmonton, Canada. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2015;29(8):419-22.
Bocour A, Renaud TC, Udeagu CCN, Shepard CW. HIV partner services are associated with timely linkage to HIV medical care. AIDS 2013;27(18):2961-3.
Bocour A, Udeagu CC, Renaud TC, Hadler JL, Begier EM. Comparing HIV partner notification effectiveness between blacks and Hispanics in New York City. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2010;37(12):784-8.
Chiou PY, Lin LC, Chen YM, Wu SC, Lew-Ting CY, et al. The effects of early multiple-time PN counseling on newly HIV-diagnosed men who have sex with men in Taiwan. AIDS Behav 2015;19(10):1773-81.
De Olalla PG, Molas E, Barbera MJ, Martin S, Arellano E, et al. Effectiveness of a pilot partner notification program for new HIV cases in Barcelona, Spain. PLoS ONE 2015;10(4)e121536.
Golden MR, Dombrowski JC, Wood RW, Fleming M, Harrington RD. A controlled study of the effectiveness of public health HIV partner notification services. AIDS 2009;23(1):133-5.
Green N, Hoenigl M, Chaillon A, Anderson CM, Pond SLK, et al. Partner services in adults with acute and early HIV infection. AIDS 2017;31(2):287-93.
Heumann CL, Katz DA, Dombrowski JC, Bennett AB, Manhart LE, et al. Comparison of in-person versus telephone interviews for early syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus partner services in King County, Washington (2010-2014). Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2017;44(4):249-54.
Hightow-Weidman L, Beagle S, Pike E, Kuruc J, Leone P, et al. "No one's at home and they won't pick up the phone": using the Internet and text messaging to enhance partner services in North Carolina. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2014;41(2):143-8.
Hood JE, Katz DA, Bennett AB, Buskin SE, Dombrowski JC, et al. Integrating HIV surveillance and field services: data quality and care continuum in King County, Washington, 2010-2015. American Journal of Public Health 2017;107(12):1938-43.
Landis SE, Schoenbach VJ, Weber DJ, Mittal M, Krishan B, et al. Results of a randomized trial of partner notification in cases of HIV infection in North Carolina. New England Journal of Medicine 1992;326(2):101-6.
Lee JH, Branan L, Hoff GL, Datwyler ML, Bayer WL. Voluntary human immunodeficiency virus testing, recidivism, partner notification, and sero-prevalence in a sexually transmitted disease clinic: a need for mandatory testing. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1990;17(4):169-74.
Malave MC, Shah D, Sackoff JE, Rubin S, Begier EM. Human immunodeficiency virus partner elicitation and notification in new york city: public health does it better. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2008;35(10):869-76.
Marcus JL, Bernstein KT, Klausner JD. Updated outcomes of partner notification for human immunodeficiency virus, San Francisco, 2004-2008. AIDS 2009;23(8):1024-6.
Pattman RS, Gould EM. Partner notification for HIV infection in the United Kingdom: a look back on seven years experience in Newcastle upon Tyne. Genitourinary Medicine 1993;69(2):94-7.
Pavia AT, Benyo M, Niler L, Risk I. Partner notification for control of HIV: results after 2 years of a statewide program in Utah. American Journal of Public Health 1993;83(10):1418-24.
Ramstedt K, Hallhagen G, Lundin BI, Hakansson C, Johannisson G, et al. Contact tracing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1990;17(1):37-41.
Renaud TC, Wong MR, Bocour A, Udeagu CCN, Pickett L, et al. The effect of HIV field-based testing on the proportion of notified partners who test for HIV in New York City. American Journal of Public Health 2011;101(7):1168-71.
Rutherford GW, Woo JM, Neal DP, Rauch KJ, Geoghegan C, et al. Partner notification and the control of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Two years of experience in San Francisco. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1991;18(2):107-10.
Spencer NE, Hoffman RE, Raevsky CA, Wolf FC, Vernon TM. Partner notification for human immunodeficiency virus infection in Colorado: results across index case groups and costs. International Journal of STD AIDS 1993;4(1):26-32.
Torrone EA, Wright J, Leone PA, Hightow-Weidman LB. Pregnancy and HIV infection in young women in North Carolina. Public Health Report 2010;125(1):96-102.
Tsega A, Udeagu CCN, Begier EM. A comparison of partner notification effectiveness in African-, Caribbean-, and United States-born HIV-infected Blacks in New York City. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2012;26(7):406-10.
Udeagu CCN, Bocour A, Shah S, Ramos Y, Gutierrez R, et al. Bringing HIV partner services into the age of social media and mobile connectivity. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2014a;41(10):631-6.
Udeagu CCN, Bocour A, Shepard CW. For partner services, do we need face-time, or facetime? Trends in relative proportion of in-person notifications and HIV testing after introduction of a telephone option for HIV exposure notification by public health. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2014b;41(11):671-3.
Udeagu CCN, Shah D, Shepard CW, Bocour A, Guiterrez R, et al. Impact of a New York City health department initiative to expand HIV partner services outside STD clinics. Public Health Reports 2012;127(1):107-14.
Wykoff RF, Jones JL, Longshore ST, Hollis SL, Quiller CB, et al. Notification of the sex and needle-sharing partners of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus in rural South Carolina: 30-month experience. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1991;18(4):217-22.
Economic Review
Ahrens K, Kent CK, Kohn RP, Nieri G, Reynolds A, Philip S, et al. HIV partner notification outcomes for HIV-infected patients by duration of infection, San Francisco, 2004 to 2006. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007;46(4):479-84.
Cohen DA, Wu SY, Farley TA. Comparing the cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004;37(3):1404-14.
Johnson BL, Tesoriero J, Feng W, Qian F, Martin EG. Cost analysis and performance assessment of partner services for human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted diseases, New York State, 2014. Health Serv Res 2017;52 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):2331-42.
Li XC, Kusi L, Marak T, Bertrand T, Chan PA, Galárraga O. The cost and cost-utility of three public health HIV case-finding strategies: evidence from Rhode Island, 2012-2014. AIDS Behav 2018;22(11):3726-33.
Lin F, Farnham PG, Shrestha RK, Mermin J, Sansom SL. Cost effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions in the U.S. Am J Prev Med 2016;50(6):699-708.
Shrestha RK, Begley EB, Hutchinson AB, Sansom SL, Song B, et al. Costs and effectiveness of partner counseling and referral services with rapid testing for HIV in Colorado and Louisiana, United States. Sex Transm Dis 2009;36(10):637-41.
Effectiveness Review
The systematic review science team completed a broad search for English-language papers that evaluated the impact of partner services interventions to increase HIV screening. Searches were conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ClincalTrials.gov. The search period was January 1, 1985 to April 7, 2020. Two team members independently screened each paper to determine eligibility. Uncertainties and disagreements were resolved by consensus among review team members.
Database |
Dates Searched |
Results |
Duplicates |
Unique Results |
PubMed
1946- |
03/25/20 |
647 |
12 |
635 |
Embase
1947- |
04/06/20 |
1694 |
475 |
1219 |
PsycInfo
1806- |
04/07/20 |
208 |
89 |
119 |
Scopus
1960- |
04/07/20 |
1023 |
756 |
267 |
Cochrane |
04/07/20 |
84 |
41 |
43 |
ClincalTrials.gov |
03/27/20 |
31 |
0 |
31 |
Notes: Duplicates were identified using EndNote automated “find duplicates” function with preference set to match on title, author, and year. There will likely be additional duplicates found that EndNote was unable to detect.
Database: PubMed
(((((((((HIV[MeSH]) OR (((HIV[Title/Abstract]) OR "human immunodeficiency virus"[Title/Abstract]) OR "sexually transmitted infection"[Title/Abstract])))) AND (((((((("partner notification"[Title/Abstract]) OR "contact examination"[Title/Abstract]) OR "contact detection"[Title/Abstract]) OR "partner notifications"[Title/Abstract]) OR "partner tracing"[Title/Abstract]) OR "partner counseling"[Title/Abstract]) OR "referral services"[Title/Abstract]) OR ((contract tracing[MeSH]) OR "contract tracing"[Title/Abstract])))) NOT (animals[MeSH Terms] NOT "Humans"[Mesh])) AND English[lang])) AND English[lang])
Database: Embase
1 exp Human immunodeficiency virus/ 189695
2 (HIV* or human immunodeficiency virus or sexually transmitted infection).ti,ab. 415912
3 1 or 2 435314
4 exp contact examination/ 3660
5 ((contact adj3 examination) or (contact adj3 detection) or (contact adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 notification) or (partner adj3 notif*) or (partner adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 services) or ((partner adj3 counseling) and (referral adj services))).ti,ab. 4464
6 4 or 5 6865
7 3 and 6 1774
8 exp Animal/ not exp Human/ 3641322
9 7 not 8 1770
10 limit 9 to english language 1701
Database: PsycInfo
Comm Guide HIV and Partner notice PsycInfo 040720
exp hiv/
OR
(HIV OR human immunodeficiency virus or sexually transmitted infection).ti,ab.
AND
((contact adj3 examination) or (contact adj3 detection) or (contact adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 notification) or (partner adj3 notif*) or (partner adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 services) or ((partner adj3 counseling) and (referral adj services))).ti,ab.
NOT
(Cancer OR disease ).mp.
not (animals not humans).sh.
AND
Limit to English.
Database: Scopus
( ( ( TITLE-ABS ( "HIV" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "human immunodeficiency virus'" ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS ( "sexually transmitted infection" ) ) ) AND ( ( ( TITLE-ABS ( "contact examination" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "contact detection" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "contact tracing" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner notification" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner notifications" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner tracing" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner services" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS ( "partner counseling" ) AND TITLE-ABS ( "referral services" ) ) ) ) AND NOT ( animal* AND NOT human* ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( LANGUAGE , "English" ) )
Database: Cochrane
#1 HIV:ti,ab 23563
#2 ("human immunodeficiency virus" OR "sexually transmitted infection"):ti,ab 4467
#3 MeSH descriptor: [HIV] explode all trees 2971
#4 #1 OR #2 OR #3 24491
#5 "partner counseling":ti,ab 2
#6 "referral services":ti,ab 26
#7 # 4 AND #6 12
#8 ("contact examination" OR "contact detection" OR "contact tracing" OR "partner notification" OR "partner notifications" OR "‘partner tracing" OR "partner services"):ti,ab 169
#9 MeSH descriptor: [Contact Tracing] explode all trees 72
#10 #7 OR #8 OR #9 209
#11 #4 AND #10 (Word variations have been searched)
Database: ClinicalTrials.gov
"contact examination" OR "contact detection" OR "contact tracing" OR "partner notification" OR "partner notifications" OR "partner tracing" OR "partner services" | HIV OR "human immunodeficiency virus" OR sexually transmitted infection"
Cannot limit by country name – must hand search
Number of Studies
World Map 31
Economic Review
In July 2021, a research librarian used the terms listed below to search the following databases: PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane, and EconLit. The search period covered January 2000 through July 2021.
The search was limited to high income countries as defined by the World Bank. The review team also screened reference lists of included studies and consulted subject matter experts about additional studies that may have been missed. Search terms and strategies were adjusted for each database, based on controlled and uncontrolled vocabularies and software.
Database: PubMed
Date Searched: 07/14/2021
Results: 24
(((((((((HIV[MeSH]) OR (((HIV[Title/Abstract]) OR "human immunodeficiency virus"[Title/Abstract]) OR "sexually transmitted infection"[Title/Abstract])))) AND (((((((("partner notification"[Title/Abstract]) OR "contact examination"[Title/Abstract]) OR "contact detection"[Title/Abstract]) OR "partner notifications"[Title/Abstract]) OR "partner tracing"[Title/Abstract]) OR "partner counseling"[Title/Abstract]) OR "referral services"[Title/Abstract]) OR ((contact tracing[MeSH]) OR "contact tracing"[Title/Abstract])))) NOT (animals[MeSH Terms] NOT "Humans"[Mesh])) AND English[lang])) AND English[lang])
AND
Economics[majr:noexp] OR “costs and cost analysis”[majr] OR (economic[tiab] AND model*[tiab]) OR cost minimi*[tiab] OR cost-utilit*[tiab] OR health utilit*[tiab] OR economic evaluation*[tiab] OR economic review*[tiab] OR cost outcome[tiab] OR cost analys*[tiab] OR economic analys*[tiab] OR (budget*[tiab] AND impact analys*[tiab]) OR cost-effective*[ti] OR cost-benefit[ti] OR costs[ti] OR cost-effective*[ot] OR cost-benefit[ot] OR costs[ot] OR daly [tiab] OR cost per daly[tiab] OR cost per qaly[tiab] OR qaly*[tiab] OR cost-benefit analys*[tiab] OR cost-effectiveness analys*[tiab] OR ((cost[ti] OR economic*[ti] OR cost[ot] OR economic*[ot]) AND (costs[tiab] OR cost-effectiveness[tiab] OR markov[tiab]))
English, from 2000 - 2021
Database: Embase
Date Searched: 07/14/2021
Results: 117
1 exp Human immunodeficiency virus/
2 (HIV* or human immunodeficiency virus or sexually transmitted infection).ti,ab.
3 1 or 2
4 contact examination/
5 ((contact adj3 examination) or (contact adj3 detection) or (contact adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 notification) or (partner adj3 notif*) or (partner adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 services) or ((partner adj3 counseling) and (referral adj services))).ti,ab.
6 4 or 5
7 3 and 6
8 *economics/ or costs.ti,ab
9 cost effective.ti,ab
10 exp *"costs and cost analysis"/
11 (qaly* or daly* or cost per qaly or cost per daly or cost-benefit analys* or cost-benefit* or cost-effectiveness*).ti,ab
12 health care cost.sh
13 (cost or economic*).ti. and (costs or cost-effectiveness or markov).ab
14 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13
15 7 and 14
16 limit 15 to (english language and yr="2000 -Current")
Database: PsycInfo
Date Searched: 07/14/2021
Results: 15
1 exp Human immunodeficiency virus/
2 (HIV* or human immunodeficiency virus or sexually transmitted infection).ti,ab
3 1 or 2
4 contact tracing/
5 ((contact adj3 examination) or (contact adj3 detection) or (contact adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 notification) or (partner adj3 notif*) or (partner adj3 tracing) or (partner adj3 services) or ((partner adj3 counseling) and (referral adj services))).ti,ab
6 4 or 5
7 3 and 6
8 *economics/
9 costs.ti,ab
10 cost effective.ti,ab
11 exp *"costs and cost analysis"/
12 (qaly* or daly* or cost per qaly or cost per daly or cost-benefit analys* or cost-effectiveness*).ti,ab
13 (cost or economic*).ti. and (costs or cost-effectiveness or markov).ab
14 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13
15 7 and 14
16 limit 15 to (english language and yr="2000 -Current")
Database: Scopus
Date Searched: 07/14/2021
Results: 63
( ( TITLE-ABS ( "HIV" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "human immunodeficiency virus'" ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS ( "sexually transmitted infection" ) ) AND ( ( TITLE-ABS ( "contact examination" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "contact detection" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "contact tracing" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner notification" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner notifications" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner tracing" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( "partner services" ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS ( "partner counseling" ) AND TITLE-ABS ( "referral services" ) ) ) AND ( ( ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( cost OR economic* ) AND ( cost* OR cost-effectiveness OR markov ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "life years" OR "life years" OR qaly* OR daly* OR cost-benefit AND analys* OR cost-effectiveness AND analys* ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "cost minimi*" OR "cost-utilit*" OR "health utilit*" OR "economic evaluation*" OR "economic review*" OR "cost outcome" OR "cost analy*" OR "economic analys*" OR "budget* impact analys*" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "life year" OR "life years" OR qaly* OR daly* OR "cost-benefit analys*" OR "cost-effectiveness analys*" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "cost minimi*" OR "cost-utilit*" OR "health utilit*" OR "economic evaluation*" OR "economic review*" OR "cost outcome" OR "cost analy*" OR "economic analys*" OR "budget* impact analys*" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( cost-effective* OR cost-benefit OR cost OR costs ) ) ) ) AND NOT INDEX ( embase ) AND PUBYEAR > 1999
Database: Cochrane
Date Searched: 07/14/2021
Results: 20
#1 HIV:ti,ab
#2 ("human immunodeficiency virus" OR "sexually transmitted infection"):ti,ab
#3 #1 OR #2
#4 "partner counseling":ti,ab
#5 ("contact examination" OR "contact detection" OR "contact tracing" OR "partner notification" OR "partner notifications" OR "‘partner tracing" OR "partner services"):ti,ab
#6 #4 OR #5
#7 #3 AND #6
#8 costs:ti,ab
#9 cost effective:ti,ab
#10 (qaly* or daly* or "cost per qaly" or "cost per daly" or "cost-benefit analys" or cost-effectiveness):ti,ab
#11 (cost or economic*):ti and (costs or cost-effectiveness or markov):ab
#12 #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11
#13 #7 AND #12
Database: EconLit
Date Searched: 07/14/2021
Results: 3
S1 AB ( HIV OR "human immunodeficiency virus" OR "sexually transmitted infection" ) OR TI ( HIV OR "human immunodeficiency virus" OR "sexually transmitted infection" )
S2 AB ( "contact examination" OR "contact detection" OR "contact tracing" OR "partner notification" OR "partner notifications" OR "partner tracing" OR "partner services" ) OR TI ( "contact examination" OR "contact detection" OR "contact tracing" OR "partner notification" OR "partner notifications" OR "partner tracing" OR "partner services" )
S3 S1 AND S2