This Task Force finding is based on evidence from a meta-analysis published in 2011 (Wilson et al., search period 1985-2010/2011). An updated search for studies published between 2010 and August 2012 identified 10 additional studies, which had results consistent with those from the meta-analysis.
The number of studies and publications do not always correspond (e.g., a publication may include several studies or one study may be explained n several publications).
Effectiveness Review
Studies from the Updated Search
Bloom HS, Thompson SL, Unterman R. Transforming the high school experience (Report). New York (NY): MDRC; 2010. Available at URL: http://www.mdrc.org/publication/transforming-high-school-experience .
Booker K, Sass TR, Gill B, Zimmer R. The effects of charter high schools on educational attainment. Journal of Labor Economics 2011;29(2):377-415.
Furgeson J, Gill B, Haimson J, Killewald A, McCullough M, Nichols-Barrer I, et al. Charter-school management organizations: diverse strategies and diverse student impacts. Princeton (NJ): Mathematica Policy Research, Inc; 2012. Available at URL: http://www.mathematica-mpr.com/publications/pdfs/education/cmo_final_updated.pdf [PDF - 2.16 MB] .
Lee H-J, Özgün-Koca SA, Cristol D. An analysis of high school transformation effort from an outcome perspective. Current Issues in Education 2011;14(1).
Landis RN, Reschly AL. An examination of compulsory school attendance ages and high school dropout and completion. Educational Policy 2011;25(5):719-61.
Porowski A, Passa A. The effect of Communities in Schools on high school dropout and graduation rates: results from a multiyear, school-level quasi-experimental study. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk 2011;16(1):24-37.
Schwerdt G, West MR. The impact of alternative grade configurations on student outcomes through middle and high school. Journal of Public Economics 2013:97(C):308-26.
MacIver MA. The challenge of improving urban high school graduation outcomes: findings from a randomized study of dropout prevention efforts. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk 2011;16(3):167-84.
Flores N, Chu H. How does size matter? The impact of the rise of small schools on Latinos and emergent bilinguals in New York City. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 2011;14(2):155-70.
Ford R, Frenette M, Nicholson C, Kwakye I, Hui TS-w, Hutchinson J, et al. Future to discover: Post-secondary impacts report. Ottawa (Canada): Social Research and Demonstration Corporation; 2012. Available at URL: http://www.srdc.org/publications/Future-to-Discover-FTD--Post-secondary-Impacts-Report-details.aspx .
Economic Review
Belfield CR, Levin HM. The economic losses from high school dropouts in California. University of California, Santa Barbara; 2007.
Belfield CR, Levin HM. The return on investment for improving California's high school graduation rate. California Dropout Research Project Report #2. Santa Barbara (CA): University of California; 2007.
Belfield CR. The costs of inadequate education for New York State (Policy Paper). Albany (NY): University at Albany, State University of New York; 2007.
Belfield CR, Levin HM, Rosen R. The economic value of opportunity youth. Washington (DC): Corporation for National and Community Service and the White House Council for Community Solutions; 2012.
Bloom D. LEAP: Interim Findings on a Welfare Initiative To Improve School Attendance among Teenage Parents. Ohio's Learning, Earning, and Parenting Program; 1993.
Bloom HS. The benefits and costs of JTPA Title II-A programs. Key findings from the National Job Training Partnership Act study. J Human Resources 1997;32(3):549-76.
Bloom HS, Thompson SL, Unterman R. Transforming the high school experience. New York (NY): MDRC; 2010.
Bloom HS, Unterman R. Sustained positive effects on graduation rates produced by New York City's small public high schools of choice. Policy brief. New York (NY): MDRC; 2012.
Cardenas J, Montecel M, Supik J, Harris R. The Coca-Cola valued youth program: dropout prevention strategies for at-risk students. Texas Researcher 1992;3:111-30.
Catterall JS. On the social costs of dropping out of school. High School J 1987;71(1):19-30.
Dearden L, Emmerson C, Frayne C, Meghir C. Conditional cash transfers and school dropout rates. J Human Resources 2009;44(4):827-57.
Dynarski M, Gleason P, Rangarajan A, Wood RG. Impacts of dropout prevention programs: Final report. Princeton (NJ): Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.; 1998.
Eggert LL, Seyi CD, Nicholas LJ. Effects of a school-based prevention program for potential high school dropouts and drug abusers. Subst Use Misuse 1990;25(7):773-801.
Gardner MK. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of three different GED preparation programs. In. Dissertation Abstracts Internationa: Doctoral dissertation, University of North Texas; 2001.
Hankivsky O. Cost estimates of dropping out of high school in Canada. Ottawa: Canadian Council on Learning; 2008.
Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Kosterman R, Abbott R, Hill KG. Preventing adolescent health-risk behaviors by strengthening protection during childhood. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999;153(3):226-34.
Institute of Education Sciences, What Works Clearinghouse. High school redirection. Washington (DC): U. S. Department of Education; 2007. Available at URL: http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/pdf/intervention_reports/WWC_HS_Redirection_041607.pdf [PDF - 1.27 MB] .
Levin HM, Belfield C, Hollands F, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions that improve high school completion. New York (NY): Center for Benefit-Cost Studies of Education, Teachers College, Columbia University; 2012.
Levin H, Belfield C, Muennig P, Rouse C. The costs and benefits of an excellent education for all of America's children. New York (NY): Teachers College, Columbia University; 2007.
Lewis D, Terrell D, Guin C. The financial and social costs of dropping out of high school (Thesis). Hammond (LA): Southeastern Louisiana University; 2005.
Long D, Gueron JM, Wood RG, Fisher R, Fellerath V. LEAP: Three-year impacts of Ohio's welfare initiative to improve school attendance among teenage parents. New York (NY). Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation; 1996.
Myers D, Olsen R, Seftor N, Young J, Tuttle C. The impacts of regular Upward Bound: Results from the third follow-up data collection. U.S. Department of Education, Office of the Under Secretary, Policy and Program Studies Service; 2004.
Olsen R, Seftor N, Silva T, Myers D, DesRoches D, Young J. Upward Bound Math-Science Program: Description and interim impact estimates. Washington (DC): U.S. Department of Education; 2007.
Quint J. Project redirection: Making and measuring a difference. Evaluation and Program Planning 1991;14(1):75-86.
Schirm A, Stuart E, McKie A. The Quantum Opportunity Program demonstration: final impacts. Princeton (NJ): Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.; 2006.
Solomon R, Liefeld C. Effectiveness of a family support center approach to adolescent mothers: Repeat pregnancy and school dropout rates. Fam Relat 1998;47(2):139-44.
Stern D, Dayton C, Paik I-W, Weisberg A. Benefits and costs of dropout prevention in a high school program combining academic and vocational education: third-year results from replications of the California Peninsula Academies. Educ Eval Policy Anal 1989;11(4):405-16.
The Community Preventive Services Task Force finding is based on evidence from an existing meta-analysis published in 2011 (Wilson et al., 167 studies, search period 1985- 2010/11) and an updated search for newer studies (10 studies, search period January 2010- August 2012).
The full search strategy from the Wilson et al. 2011 review is available online: http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED535219.pdf
[PDF - 636 kB] .
Effectiveness Review
For the updated review, the following databases were searched: ERIC, National Education Association (NEA) website, NTIS, PsycINFO, PubMed, Social Care Online, Theses Canada, and Web of Science. The databases searched covered publications in medical and social sciences, behavioral sciences, and education. The types of documents retrieved by the search included journal articles, books, book chapters, reports, conference papers, and theses.
Search terms and search strategies were adjusted to each database, based on controlled and uncontrolled vocabularies and search software. The review team also searched reference lists found in studies included from the updated search period. Once the literature search was completed, Community Guide staff reviewed the citations using a set of pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria to narrow down the publications to be reviewed.
Studies were included if they:
- Were primary research, published or unpublished
- Were published in English
- Assessed an intervention implemented in a high-income country
- Met minimum quality criteria for study design and execution; the study design had to include a comparison (control) population and perform randomization, matching, or control for baseline features
- Reported outcomes related to high school completion/withdrawal or dropout, GED attainment, enrollment
- Evaluated an intervention meeting the definition of a high school completion program
- Evaluated a study population of K-12 students at risk for high school non-completion (low income, racial or ethnic minority, pregnant or teen parent, or otherwise noted by author as at risk for non-completion)
Studies were not included if they:
- Evaluated an exclusively special population (e.g., with mental disability)
- Were published or made publically available before January, 2010.
Search Terms – [ * = truncation ]
First set - all search terms in first set combined by "OR"
ABSENCE* *
ABSENTEEISM
ALTERNATIVE HIGH SCHOOL*
ALTERNATIVE SCHOOL*
CAREER ACADEMIES
CAREER ACADEMY
CHRONIC NONATTENDANCE
CHRONIC NONATTENDANCE
CHRONIC SCHOOL ABSENCE* *
COMPLET* SCHOOL*
CONTINUATION STUDENT* *
CONTINUATION HIGH SCHOOL*
CONTINUATION EDUCATION
CONTINUATION STUDIES
DROP* OUT
DROP* OUT SCHOOL* *
DROP* OUT* *
DROPOUT PREVENTION
DROPOUT* *
FINISH* SCHOOL
FINISH* HIGH SCHOOL
FINISH* SECONDARY SCHOOL
FINISH* MIDDLE SCHOOL
FINISH* JUNIOR HIGH
GED
GENERAL EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
GRADE PROMOTION*
GRADE RETENTION
GRADUATION RATE* *
GRADUATION STATUS
GRADUATION SUCCESS
GRADUATION REQUIREMENT* *
HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA* *
HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY
PREVENT* DROPOUT* *
PREVENT* DROPOUT* *
PREVENT* DROP*OUT* *
SCHOOL ATTAINMENT
SCHOOL COMPLETION
SCHOOL FAILURE* *
SCHOOL LEAVER* *
SCHOOL NONATTENDANCE
SCHOOL REFUSAL
SCHOOL REFUSER* *
TRUANCY
AND
Second set – all search terms in second set combined by "OR"
ANALYS*
ANALYSES
ANALYSIS
ANALYZ*
ASSESS*
BETTER*
COUNSEL*
DECREAS*
EFFECT*
EFFICAC*
EVALUAT*
EXPERIMENT*
FAIL*
FEASIB*
GAIN*
IMPACT*
IMPROV*
INCREAS*
INTERVEN*
MEASURES
OUTCOME* *
PILOT*
PREVENT*
PROGRAM EVALUATION* *
PROGRAM*
PROJECT*
RANDOM*
RCT
REPLICABLE
REPLICAT*
RESULT*
SUCCEED*
SUCCESS*
SUMMATIVE
TREATMENT* *
TRIAL*
VALID*
List of databases searched, URL, dates, covered, and number of hits in each database
Database |
Dates covered by database |
# Hits |
Date searched |
---|
ERIC Dialog File 1
http://www.dialogclassic.com |
1966-2012 |
6763 |
8/28/12 |
National Education Association NEA web site
http://www.nea.org |
1970-2012 |
82 |
8/31/12 |
NTIS database
http://www.ntis.org |
1960-2012 |
138 |
8/22/12 |
PsycINFO (OVID)
http://www.ovid.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?storeId=13051&catalogId=13151&langId=-1&partNumber=Prod-139 |
1806-2012 |
3180 |
8/28/12 |
PubMed NLM
http://pubmed.gov |
1809-2012 |
242 |
8/20/12 |
Social Care Online Database
http://www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk/ |
1980-2012 |
317 |
8/23/12 |
Theses Canada
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/thesescanada/index-e.html |
1980-2012 |
46 |
8/23/12 |
Web of Science SCI/SSCI WoS
http://thomsonreuters.com/products_services/science/science_products/a-z/web_of_science/ |
1980-2012 |
3600 |
8/23/12 |
Search Strategies
ERIC - Educational Resources Information Center Dialog File 1
Set 1 searched in title words and descriptors (TI, DE).
? = truncation symbol
() = adjacency
Set 1 (All terms in set 1 "OR'ed" together)
ABSENCE? ?
ABSENTEEISM
ALTERNATIVE()HIGH()SCHOOL?
ALTERNATIVE()SCHOOL?
CAREER()ACADEMIES
CAREER()ACADEMY
CHRONIC()NONATTENDANCE
CHRONIC()SCHOOL()ABSENCE? ?
COMPLET?(2N)SCHOOL?
CONTINUATION()STUDENT?
CONTINUATION()HIGH()SCHOOL?
CONTINUATION()EDUCATION
CONTINUATION()STUDIES
DROP?()OUT
DROP?OUT (2N) SCHOOL? ?
DROP?()OUT? ?
DROPOUT()PREVENTION
DROPOUT? ?
FINISH?()SCHOOL
FINISH?()HIGH SCHOOL
FINISH?()SECONDARY SCHOOL
FINISH?()MIDDLE SCHOOL
FINISH?()JUNIOR HIGH
GED
GENERAL()EDUCATIONAL()DEVELOPMENT
GRADE()PROMOTION?
GRADE()RETENTION
GRADUATION()RATE? ?
GRADUATION()STATUS
GRADUATION()SUCCESS
GRADUATION()REQUIREMENT? ?
HIGH()SCHOOL()DIPLOMA? ?
HIGH()SCHOOL()EQUIVALENCY
PREVENT?()DROPOUT? ?
PREVENT?(3N) (DROPOUT? ? OR DROP?OUT? ?)
SCHOOL()ATTAINMENT
SCHOOL()COMPLETION
SCHOOL()FAILURE? ?
SCHOOL()LEAVER? ?
SCHOOL()NONATTENDANCE
SCHOOL()REFUSAL
SCHOOL()REFUSER? ?
TRUANCY
AND
Set 2 Searched in title words and descriptors TI,DE.
Set 2 (All terms in Set 2 "OR'ed" together)
ANALYS?
ANALYSES
ANALYSIS
ANALYZ?
ASSESS?
BETTER?
COUNSEL?
DECREAS?
EFFECT?
EFFICAC?
EVALUAT?
EXPERIMENT?
FAIL?
FEASIB?
GAIN?
IMPACT?
IMPROV?
INCREAS?
INTERVEN?
MEASURES
OUTCOME? ?
PILOT?
PREVENT?
PROGRAM()EVALUATION?
PROGRAM?
PROJECT?
RANDOM?
RCT
REPLICABLE
REPLICAT?
RESULT?
SUCCEED?
SUCCESS?
SUMMATIVE
TREATMENT? ?
TRIAL?
VALID?
NOT
Set 3 (All terms in Set 3 "OR'ed" together)
ABUSE?
AFGHANISTAN
AFRICA
ALGERIA
ANOREXIA
ANTIDEPRESSANT? ?
ANTIEPILEPTIC
ARGENTINA
AUTIS?
BANGLADESH
BELIZE
BORDERLINE()PERSONALITY
BOTSWANA
BRASIL
BRAZIL
BULIMIA
BUPRENORPHINE
BURKINA
BURMA
CAMBODIA
CAMEROON
CANCER
CHAD
CHILE
CHINA
CHRONIC()ILLNESS?
COLLEGE()COURSE?
COLLEGE()STUDENT? ?
COLLEGE? ?
COLOMBIA
COMIPRAMINE
CONGO
COTE D'IVOIRE
DEPRESSION
DEPRESSIVE()DISORDER? ?
DEVELOPING()COUNTR?
DEVELOPING()WORLD
DOCTORAL
DOMINICAN()REPUBLIC
EEG
EGYPT
EMPLOYEE()ABSENTEEISM
EPILEP?
FIBROMYALGIA
GHANA
GRADUATE()SCHOOL? ?
GRADUATE()LEVEL()SCHOOL?
GRADUATE()LEVEL()STUDENT? ?
GUATEMALA
HAITI
HEROIN
HIGHER()EDUCATION
HIV
INDIA
INDONESIA
INMATE? ?
INSOMNIA
IRAN
IRAQ
IVORY()COAST
KAZAKHASTAN
KENYA
LIBYA
LOW ?()INCOME()COUNTR?
MADAGASCAR
MALARIA
MALAWI
MALAYSIA
MALI
MASSAGE
MAURITANIA
MENTAL?()RETARD?
METHADONE
MONGOLIA
MOROCCO
MOZAMBIQUE
MYANMAR
NAMIBIA
NEW GUINEA
NIGER
NIGERIA
NORTH KOREA
OBESE
OBESITY
OBSESSIVE()COMPULSIVE
OCD
OLANZAPINE
PAKISTAN
PAROXETINE
PHILIPPINES
POOR()COUNTR?
POST()SECONDARY
PSYCHOSIS
PSYCHOTIC
PTSD
RHODESIA
RISPERIDONE
RUSSIA
SCHIZOPHRENIA
SENEGAL
SOMALIA
SPINAL()CORD()INJUR?
SUDAN
TANZANIA
THAILAND
THIRD WORLD
TOURETTE?
TRAUMATIC()BRAIN()INJUR?
TREATMENT()DROPOUT? ?
TUBERCULOSIS
TUNISIA
UGANDA
UNDERGRADUATE? ?
UNIVERSIT?
UNIVERSITY()COURSE? ?
UNIVERSITY()STUDENT? ?
UZBEKISTAN
VENEZUELA
VIETNAM
YEMEN
ZAMBIA
(S1 and S2) NOT S3
National Education Association
[Note: each line indicates a separate search in this database.]
dropout prevention
dropout prevention nea
dropout prevention articles
dropout prevention school
dropout prevention education
dropout prevention students
dropout prevention high school
NTIS
[Note: each line indicates a separate search in this database.]
school leavers
school attendance
truancy
school completion
school dropout
school dropouts
dropping out of high school
dropped out of high school
dropout prevention
preventing dropping out
PsycINFO OVID
# Searches
1 school dropouts.mp. or exp School Dropouts/
2 exp Potential Dropouts/
3 dropout-prevention.mp.
4 school-dropout*.mp.
5 high school dropout.mp.
6 school completion.mp.
7 school leaver.mp. or exp School Leavers/
8 school refusal.mp. or exp School Refusal/
9 high school equivalency.mp.
10 "GED recipients".id.
11 GED.mp.
12 complet*-school*.mp.
13 alternative high school.mp.
14 career academy.mp.
15 career academies.mp.
16 exp School Refusal/ or school refuser.mp.
17 *"School Graduation"/
18 dropout* or drop*-out*.ti. and school*.mp.
19 school-leaver*.mp.
20 alternative-high-school*.mp.
21 school-refuser*.mp.
22 OR/1-21
23 randomized.mp.
24 trial.mp.
25 pilot.mp.
26 intervention.mp. or exp Response to Intervention/ or exp School Based Intervention/ or exp Early Intervention/ or exp Intervention/
27 program.mp. or exp Program Development/ or exp Educational Program Planning/ or exp Program Evaluation/
28 exp Mental Health Program Evaluation/ or exp Evaluation Criteria/ or exp Evaluation/ or exp Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation/ or evaluation.mp.
29 exp Protective Factors/ or protective.mp. or factor*.mp.
30 summative.mp.
31 effective.mp.
32 efficacy.mp.
33 program.mp.
34 (effect* or program* or efficac* or interven* or pilot or pilots or trials or trial).mp.
35 (prevent*-school-dropout* or prevent*-dropping-out or prevent*-high-school-dropout*).mp.
36 OR/23-35
37 (Chinese or Farsi Iranian or Hebrew or Hindi or Japanese or Korean or Malaysian or Urdu).lg.
38 (China or Pakistan or Bangladesh or India or South-Africa or Botswana or Zimbabwe or Rhodesia or Namibia or Egypt or Morocco or Tunisia or Algeria or Libya or Chad or Burundi or Mali or Malawi or Somalia or Ivory-Coast or Ghana or Uganda or Chile or Argentina or Brazil or Brasil or Colombia or Venezuela or Haiti or Jamaica or Thailand or Madagascar or Sri-Lanka or Vietnam or Cambodia or Myanmar or New-Guinea).mp.
39 37 or 38
40 (22 and 36) not 39
PubMed NLM
#1 [All terms in Set #1 "OR'ed"]
alternative high school
alternative high school student
alternative high school students
alternative high school youth
alternative high schools
career academics
career academies
career academy
chronic absence
chronic absenteeism
drop out
drop outs
dropout
dropout prevention
dropouts
dropped out
dropping out
educational attainment
educational attainments
educational attendance
educational attitudes
ged
general equivalency diploma
grade promotion
grade retention
graduation rate
graduation rates
graduation requirement
graduation requirements
graduation status
graduation success
high school
high school diploma
high school diploma ged
high school diplomas
high school dropout
high school dropout rate
high school dropout rates
high school dropouts
high school equivalency
high school equivalency diploma
high school graduate
high school graduates
high school graduation
high schooler
high schoolers
high schoolgirls
high schooling
high schools
junior high
middle school
middle schoolchildren
middle schoolers
middle schooling
middle school's
middle schools
nonattendance
reform school
reform schools
school absence
school absenteeism
school attendance
school completion
school dropout
school dropout ideation
school dropout prevention
school dropout rate
school dropout rates
school dropouts
school enrollment
school enrollments
school enrolment
school failure
school failures
school graduation
school nonattendance
school refusal
school refusals
school refuser
school refusers
school refusing
secondary school
secondary schooling
secondary schools
Student Dropouts[Mesh]
truancy
AND
Set #2 [All terms in Set #2 "Or'ed"]
clinical trial
clinical trials
counsel
counseling
counselling
counsels
effective
effectiveness
efficacious
efficacy
evaluation
evaluations
experiment
experimental
experiments
guidance
intervention
interventions
pilot
prevent
preventable
prevented
preventing
prevention
program*
program effect
program effectiveness
program effects
program efficacy
program evaluation
program evaluations
programming
programs
quantitatively
quasi experiment
quasi experimental
quasi experiments
quasiexperiment
quasiexperimental
quasiexperiments
random
randomise
randomised
randomising
randomiz*
randomizable
randomising
randomiz*
randomizable
randomization
randomized
randomizing
rct
social programme
social programmes
social programming
social programs
summative
treatment effect
treatment effective
treatment effectively prevents
treatment effectively reduces
treatment effectiveness
treatment effects
treatment efficacies
treatment efficacy
treatment outcome
treatment outcomes
trial
trials
youth program
youth programmes
youth programming
youth programs
youth project
youth projects
NOT
Set #3 [All terms in Set #3 "OR'ed]
AFGHANISTAN
AFRICA
ALGERIA
ANOREXIA
ANTIDEPRESSANT*
ANTIEPILEPTIC*
ARGENTINA
AUTIS*
BANGLADESH
BELIZE
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY
BOTSWANA
BRASIL
BRAZIL
BULIMIA
BUPRENORPHINE
BURKINA
BURMA
CAMBODIA
CAMEROON
CANCER*
CHAD
CHILE
CHINA
CHRONIC ILLNESS*
COLLEGE COURSE*
COLLEGE STUDENT*
COLLEGE*
COLOMBIA
COMIPRAMINE
CONGO
COTEDIVOIRE
DEPRESSION
DEPRESSIVE DISORDER*
DEVELOPING COUNTR*
DEVELOPING WORLD
DOCTORAL
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
EEG
EGYPT
EMPLOYEE ABSENTEEISM
EPILEP*
FIBROMYALGIA
GHANA
GRADUATE SCHOOL*
GRADUATE LEVEL SCHOOL*
GRADUATE LEVEL STUDENT*
GUATEMALA
HAITI
HEROIN
HIGHER EDUCATION
HIV
INDIA
INDONESIA
INMATE*
INSOMNIA
IRAN
IRAQ
IVORY COAST
KAZAKHASTAN
KENYA
LIBYA
LOW INCOME COUNTR*
MADAGASCAR
MALARIA
MALAWI
MALAYSIA
MALI
MASSAGE
MAURITANIA
MENTAL* RETARD*
METHADONE
MONGOLIA
MOROCCO
MOZAMBIQUE
MYANMAR
NAMIBIA
NEW GUINEA
NIGER
NIGERIA
NORTH KOREA
OBESE
OBESITY
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE
OCD
OLANZAPINE
PAKISTAN
PAROXETINE
PHILIPPINES
POOR COUNTR*
POST SECONDARY
PSYCHOSIS
PSYCHOTIC
PTSD
RHODESIA
RISPERIDONE
RUSSIA
SCHIZOPHRENIA
SENEGAL
SOMALIA
SPINAL CORD INJUR*
SUDAN
TANZANIA
THAILAND
THIRD WORLD
TOURETTE
TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJUR*
TREATMENT DROPOUT*
TUBERCULOSIS
TUNISIA
UGANDA
UNDERGRADUATE*
UNIVERSIT*
UZBEKISTAN
VENEZUELA
VIETNAM
YEMEN
ZAMBIA
(#1 AND #2) NOT #3
Social Care Online Database
[Note: each line indicates a separate search in this database.]
"school leavers"
Topic=school attendance
Topic=truancy
"school completion"
"school dropout"
"school dropouts"
dropping out of high school
dropped out of high school
dropout prevention
preventing dropping out
freetext "dropouts" and freetext "school"
Theses Canada
[Note: each line indicates a separate search in this database.]
dropouts
school and completion
graduation and rates
Web of Science
Science Citation Index Expanded®:
8,300 major journals across 150 disciplines — 1980 to present.
Social Sciences Citation Index®:
2,697 journals across 55 social science disciplines, as well as selected items from 3,500 of the world's leading scientific and technical journals — 1980 to present.
TI=Title -Searches for terms in the title of the publication only
TS=Topic -Searches for topic terms in the following fields within a record.
- Title
- Abstract
- Author Keyword
- Keywords Plus®
Set 1 (all terms "OR'ed")
TS=("school failure" OR "high school diploma*" OR "school attendance" OR truancy OR "school nonattendance" OR "graduation rate*" OR "grade retention*" OR "grade promotion*" OR "high school equivalency" OR "school absence*" OR "alternative high school*" OR "dropping out of school "OR "school completion" OR "school refusal" OR "school dropout*" OR "school drop out*" OR "finish* school" OR "finish* high school" OR "complete* school" OR "complete* high school" OR "dropping out of school" OR "dropped out of school" OR "high school dropouts" OR "school leaver*" OR "school completion" OR "school disengagement" OR "school attainment" )
OR
TS=("dropout prevention*" or "prevent* dropout" or "prevent* dropping out") AND TS=school*
OR
TS= ged AND TS=("general educational development" OR school* or "drop* out*" OR dropout* OR student*)
OR
TI=complet* and TI=school*
AND
Set 2 (all terms OR'ed)
TS=(protective or intervention* or quantitative or program* or evaluat* or random* or prevent* or project* or pilot or counseling or counselling or counselor* or guidance or rct or trial or trials or experiment* or outcome* or effect* or improv* or decreas* or increas* or approach* or psychoeducational or extracurricular or tutor* or "after school" or dropout prevention")
NOT
Set 3 (all terms OR'ed)
Refined by: [excluding] Languages= HEBREW OR JAPANESE AND [excluding] Countries/Territories= ARGENTINA OR ZAMBIA OR BENIN OR TANZANIA OR BOTSWANA OR ZIMBABWE OR CONGO OR ECUADOR OR JAMAICA OR GHANA OR GUINEA BISSAU OR UGANDA OR JORDAN OR BRAZIL OR EGYPT OR PHILIPPINES OR MALAYSIA OR THAILAND OR SUDAN OR ISRAEL OR ETHIOPIA OR YEMEN OR MEXICO OR ALBANIA OR ROMANIA OR BULGARIA OR COSTA RICA OR SRI LANKA OR BANGLADESH OR BURKINA FASO OR GAMBIA OR INDIA OR CAMEROON OR GUINEA OR PEOPLES R CHINA OR COLOMBIA OR HONDURAS OR LEBANON OR TAIWAN OR MALAWI OR INDONESIA OR MALI OR LAOS OR PAKISTAN OR CROATIA OR PERU OR MALAGASY REPUBL OR KENYA OR TUNISIA OR NIGERIA OR URUGUAY OR CHILE OR VENEZUELA OR IRAN OR VIETNAM OR W IND ASSOC ST OR RUSSIA OR TAIWAN OR TANZANIA OR BOSNIA HERCEG OR INDIA OR SOUTH AFRICA OR NAMIBIA OR NIGERIA OR OMAN OR UGANDA OR PEOPLES R CHINA OR GHANA OR CHILE OR NIGERIA OR MAURITIUS OR COLOMBIA OR PAKISTAN OR MEXICO OR PHILIPPINES OR REP OF GEORGIA OR ARGENTINA OR RUSSIA OR IRAN OR SEYCHELLES OR BRAZIL OR LEBANON OR CROATIA OR SLOVAKIA OR VENEZUELA OR AFGHANISTAN OR UGANDA OR BAHRAIN
NOT TI="medical school*" OR TI="nursing school*"
(#1 AND #2) NOT #3
Economic Review
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