Firearms Laws

Studies Included in the Evidence Review

Bans on specified firearms or ammunition

Britt CL, Bordua DJ, Kleck G. A reassessment of the D.C. gun law: some cautionary notes on the use of interrupted time series designs for policy impact assessment. Law Society Rev 1996;30:361– 80.

Jones ED. The District of Columbia’s “Firearms Control Regulation Act of 1975”: the toughest handgun control law in the United States—or is it? Ann Am Acad Political Social Sci 1981;455:138–49.

Kleck G, Patterson EB. The impact of gun control and gun ownership levels on violence rates. J Quantitative Criminol 1993;9:249–87.

Loftin C, McDowall D, Wiersema B, Cottey TJ. Effects of restrictive licensing of handguns on homicide and suicide in the District of Columbia. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1615–20.

McDowall D, Loftin C, Wiersema B. Using quasi-experiments to evaluate firearm laws: comment on Britt et al.’s reassessment of the D.C. gun law. Law Society Rev 1996;30:381–91.

Nicholson R, Garner A. The analysis of the Firearms Control Act of 1975: handgun control in the District of Columbia. Washington DC: U.S. Conference of Mayors, 1980.

Roth JA, Koper CS. Impacts of the 1994 Assault Weapons Ban: 1994–1996. Washington DC: U.S. Department of Justice, 1999.

Vernick JS, Webster DW, Hepburn LM. Effects of Maryland’s law banning Saturday night special handguns on crime guns. Inj Prev 1999;5:259–63.

Weil DS, Knox RC. The Maryland ban on the sale of assault pistols and high-capacity magazines: estimating the impact in Baltimore. Am J Public Health 1997;87:297– 8.

Restrictions on firearm acquisition

Kleck G, Patterson EB. The impact of gun control and gun ownership levels on violence rates. J Quantitative Criminol 1993;9:249–87.

Ludwig J, Cook PJ. Homicide and suicide rates associated with implementation of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act. JAMA 2000;284:585–91.

Wintemute GJ, Wright MA, Drake C, Beaumont JJ. Subsequent criminal activity among violent misdemeanants who seek to purchase handguns. JAMA 2001;285:1019–26.

Wright MA, Wintemute GJ, Rivara FP. Effectiveness of denial of handgun purchase to persons believed to be at high risk for firearm violence. Am J Public Health 1999;89:88 –90.

Waiting periods for firearm acquisition

Cantor CH, Slater PJ. The impact of firearm control legislation on suicide in Queensland: preliminary findings. Med J Aust 1995;162:583–5.

DeZee MR. Gun control legislation: impact and ideology. Law Policy Q 1983;5:367–79.

Kleck G, Patterson EB. The impact of gun control and gun ownership levels on violence rates. J Quantitative Criminol 1993;9:249–87.

Lott JR, Whitley JE. Safe-storage gun laws: accidental deaths, suicides, and crime. J Law Econ 2001;44:659 –90.

Ludwig J, Cook PJ. Homicide and suicide rates associated with implementation of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act. JAMA 2000;284:585–91.

Magaddino JP, Medoff MH. An empirical analysis of federal and state firearm control laws. In: Kates DB, ed. Firearms and violence. Cambridge MA: Ballinger, 1984:225–58.

Murray D. Handguns, gun control laws and firearm violence. Social Problems 1975;23:81–92.

Firearm registration and licensing of firearm owners

DeZee MR. Gun control legislation: impact and ideology. Law Policy Q 1983;5:367–79.

Kleck G, Patterson EB. The impact of gun control and gun ownership levels on violence rates. J Quantitative Criminol 1993;9:249–87.

Magaddino JP, Medoff MH. An empirical analysis of federal and state firearm control laws. In: Kates DB, ed. Firearms and violence. Cambridge MA: Ballinger, 1984:225–58.

Murray D. Handguns, gun control laws and firearm violence. Social Problems 1975;23:81–92.

Webster DW, Vernick JS, Hepburn LM. Relationship between licensing, registration, and other gun sales laws and the source state of crime guns. Inj Prev 2001;7:184 –9.

“Shall issue” concealed weapons carry laws

Kleck G, Patterson EB. The impact of gun control and gun ownership levels on violence rates. J Quantitative Criminol 1993;9:249–87.

Ludwig J. Concealed-gun-carrying laws and violent crime: evidence from state panel data. Int Rev Law Econ 1998;18:239 –54.

McDowall D, Loftin C, Wiersema B. Easing concealed firearms laws: effects on homicide in three states. J Criminal Law Criminol 1995;86:193–206.

Mustard DB. The impact of gun laws on police deaths. J Law Econ 2001;44:635–58.

Child access prevention laws

Cummings P, Grossman DC, Rivara FP, Koepsell TD. State gun safe storage laws and child mortality due to firearms. JAMA 1997;278:1084–6.

Lott JR, Whitley JE. Safe-storage gun laws: accidental deaths, suicides, and crime. J Law Econ 2001;44:659 –90.

Webster DW, Starnes M. Reexamining the association between child access prevention gun laws and unintentional shooting deaths of children. Pediatrics 2000;106:1466–9.

Zero tolerance of firearms in schools

No studies were located that attempted to evaluate the effects on school violence of zero tolerance of firearms in schools; nor did any study measure the specific effect of the Gun-Free Schools Act on firearm carrying in schools.

Combinations of firearms laws

Boor M, Blair JH. Suicide rates, handgun control laws, and sociodemographic variables. Psychol Rep 1990;66:923–30.

Canadian Department of Justice. A statistical analysis of the impacts of the 1977 firearms control legislation. Ottawa: Department of Justice, Programme Evaluation Section, 1996.

DeZee MR. Gun control legislation: impact and ideology. Law Policy Q 1983;5:367–79.

Geisel M, Roll R, Wettick R. The effectiveness of state and local regulation of handguns. Duke Law J 1969;43:647–73.

Kleck G, Patterson EB. The impact of gun control and gun ownership levels on violence rates. J Quantitative Criminol 1993;9:249–87.

Lester D, Murrell ME. The preventive effect of strict gun control laws on suicide and homicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1982;12:131– 40.

Magaddino JP, Medoff MH. An empirical analysis of federal and state firearm control laws. In: Kates DB, ed. Firearms and violence. Cambridge MA: Ballinger, 1984:225–58.

Medoff MH, Magaddino JP. Suicides and firearm control laws. Evaluation Rev 1983;7:357–72.

Murray D. Handguns, gun control laws and firearm violence. Social Problems 1975;23:81–92.