Motor Vehicle-Related Injury Prevention: Reducing Alcohol-Impaired Driving

Search Strategy

The reviews of interventions to reduce motor vehicle-related injury reflect systematic searches of multiple databases as well as reviews of reference lists and consultations with experts in the field. The team searched six computerized databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Psychlit, Sociological Abstracts, EI Compendex, and Transportation Research Information Services [TRIS]), which yielded 10,958 titles and abstracts for articles, book chapters, reports, and published papers from the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine proceedings about safety belts, alcohol-impaired driving or child passenger safety. Studies were eligible for inclusion if:

• They were published from the originating date of the database through June 2000 (March 1998 for child safety seat interventions)
• They involved primary studies, not guidelines or reviews
• They were published in English
• They were relevant to the interventions selected for review
• The evaluation included a comparison to an unexposed or less-exposed population
• The evaluation measured outcomes defined by the analytic framework for the intervention

For alcohol-impaired driving reviews, supplementary searches were conducted to address specialized questions and to update searches for reviews published after 2001. The final search using the primary alcohol-impaired driving search strategy was conducted through December 2004. For the most recent review in this series, “Effectiveness of Multicomponent Programs with Community Mobilization for Reducing Alcohol-Impaired Driving,” this database was supplemented by a hand search of the “Alcohol and Other Drugs” and “Transportation” sections of the SafetlyLit injury literature update service for the period from January through June 2005.

Primary Search Strategy

1. S MOTOR(W)VEHICLE? OR CAR OR CARS OR AUTOMOBILE? OR MOTORCYCLE? OR TRUCK? OR TRAFFIC(2N)ACCIDENT? OR DRIVING OR DRIVER?
2. S ALCOHOL OR ALCOHOLIC(W)BEVERAGE? OR ALCOHOL(3N)DRINKING OR ETHANOL OR ALCOHOLISM OR DWI OR DUI OR (DRIVING(3N)(INTOXICATED OR INFLUENCE OR DRUNK OR DRINKING OR IMPAIRED))
3. S INTERVENTION? OR OUTREACH? OR PREVENTION OR (COMMUNITY(3N)(RELATION? OR PROGRAM? OR ACTION)) OR DETERRENT? OR PROGRAM? OR LEGISLATION OR LAW? OR EDUCATION OR DETERENCE OR COUNSELING OR CLASS OR CLASSES OR HEALTH(W)PROMOTION
4. S FOOD(W)INDUSTRY OR AIRPLANE? OR AIRCRAFT? OR PILOT? OR SOLVENT? OR SLEEP(W)APNEA OR EMISSION? OR AIR(W)QUALITY OR POLLUTION
5. S (S1 AND S2 AND S3 ) NOT S4

Higher Education-based Interventions

S1 MOTOR(W)VEHICLE? OR CAR OR CARS OR AUTOMOBILE? OR MOTORCYCLE? OR TRUCK? OR TRAFFIC(2N)ACCIDENT? OR DRIVING OR DRIVER?
S2 ALCOHOL OR ALCOHOLIC(W)BEVERAGE? OR ALCOHOL(3N)DRINKING OR ETHANOL OR ALCOHOLISM OR DWI OR DUI OR (DRIVING(3N)(INTOXICATED OR INFLUENCE OR DRUNK OR DRINKING OR IMPAIRED))
S3 UNIVERSIT? OR COLLEGE? OR CAMPUS? OR (EDUCATION?(2N)(HIGER OR INSTITUTION? OR FACILIT? OR PROGRAM? OR SURVEY?))
S4 S1 AND S2 AND S3
S5 CURRICULUM OR INSTRUCTION OR EDUCATION OR TRAINING OR WORKSHOPS OR PROGRAMS OR COURSE? OR TEACH? OR (SOCIAL(W)NORM?)
S6 STUDENT? OR YOUTH? OR TEEN? OR (YOUNG(W)ADULT?)
S7 S4 AND S5 AND S6

School-based Interventions

S1 MOTOR(W)VEHICLE? OR CAR OR CARS OR AUTOMOBILE? OR MOTORCYCLE? OR TRUCK? OR TRAFFIC(2N)ACCIDENT? OR DRIVING OR DRIVER?
S2 ALCOHOL OR ALCOHOLIC(W)BEVERAGE? OR ALCOHOL(3N)DRINKING OR ETHANOL OR ALCOHOLISM OR DWI OR DUI OR (DRIVING(3N)(INTOXICATED OR INFLUENCE OR DRUNK OR DRINKING OR IMPAIRED))
S3 SCHOOL?(5N)(BASED OR SETTING OR PROGRAM? OR PRIMARY OR ELEMENTARY OR SECONDARY OR ((JUNIOR OR SENIOR)(W)HIGH) OR MIDDLE) OR (EDUCATION?(2N)(INSTITUTION? OR FACILIT? OR PROGRAM? OR SURVEY?))
S4 S1 AND S2 AND S3
S5 CURRICULUM OR INSTRUCTION OR EDUCATION OR TRAINING OR WORKSHOPS OR PROGRAMS OR COURSE? OR TEACH?
S6 STUDENT? OR ADOLESCENT? OR YOUTH? OR TEEN? OR CHILD? OR TEACHER?
S7 525 S4 AND S5 AND S6

Cost Analyses

1. S MOTOR(W)VEHICLE? OR CAR OR CARS OR AUTOMOBILE? OR MOTORCYCLE? OR TRUCK? OR TRAFFIC(2N)ACCIDENT? OR DRIVING OR DRIVER?
2. S ALCOHOL OR ALCOHOLIC(W)BEVERAGE? OR ALCOHOL(3N)DRINKING OR ETHANOL OR ALCOHOLISM OR DWI OR DUI OR (DRIVING(3N)(INTOXICATED OR INFLUENCE OR DRUNK OR DRINKING OR IMPAIRED))
3. S INTERVENTION? OR OUTREACH? OR PREVENTION OR COMMUNITY(3N)(RELATION? OR PROGRAM? OR ACTION)) OR DETERRENT? OR PROGRAM? OR LEGISLATION OR LAW? OR EDUCATION OR DETERENCE OR COUNSELING OR CLASS OR CLASSES OR HEALTH(W)PROMOTION
4. S FOOD(W)INDUSTRY OR AIRPLANE? OR AIRCRAFT? OR PILOT? OR SOLVENT? OR SLEEP(W)APNEA OR EMISSION? OR AIR(W)QUALITY OR POLLUTION
5. S COST? OR ECONOMIC? OR ECONOMETRIC?
6. S (S1 AND S2 AND S3 AND S5) NOT S4